Last time we analysed why the European Union must collapse. We arrived at the conclusion that the European Union must collapse because it was born in the sick head of Henri de Saint-Simon. You will have remembered that the same person came with the idea of socialism and you will have remembered that we pointed to the fact that socialism has collapsed across the globe. Then you will have remembered that the same person – Henri de Saint-Simone – was also the author of the idea of uniting the European countries into one body politic. Now, if you have invented something that has not worked, that has spectacularly failed, then why should the other thing invented by the same author work? That was the basic question that we put at that time in that text. We should at least be on our guard.
This text will point to yet another reason why the European Union must necessarily collapse. In this text, too, what we are going to discuss is not something new by any means, but something that was said more than 200 years ago by yet another political thinker. His name was Joseph de Maistre. Who was Joseph de Maistre?
Well, Joseph de Maistre (1753-1821) was a diplomat who served in the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia. Though he was born on the Island of Sardinia, he had mixed – French and Italian – origin. His native tongue was French, not Italian. He was well educated, well read, and he mingled in the circles of the educated people, the upper classes, the aristocracy. At first, he supported the French Revolution, but it was for a very short time. The moment he saw what the revolutionists did, as soon as he learned about all the cruelty, about all the destruction, about all the havoc that the revolution played with France, he changed course. He began to fervently defend conservative ideas. In this respect he wrote in the philosophical spirit of the Irish-English political thinker Edmund Burke.
Joseph de Maistre wrote extensively and drew not only on books, but also on experience. He also acted as a senator in the Kingdom of the Piedmont-Sardinia and for many years (1803-1817) he was Ambassador to St Petersburg, to Tsar Alexander I. It was there, in the northern Russian capital, that he wrote a famous treatise in the form of a dialogue in which he discussed important societal, religious, philosophical, and political themes. One of the things that was most striking about this text was Joseph de Maistre’s defence of the death penalty. Joseph de Maistre defended the capital punishment and argued that without the capital punishment society was doomed. What he wrote, of course, stands to reason. You cannot abolish the capital punishment completely in the sense that you cannot prevent one human being from killing another human being. Once we admit this simple fact of life, then the following picture presents itself before our eyes: if the government, the state, the sovereign – whoever holds the reins of power – renounces the death penalty, and if the death penalty cannot be eliminated because – as we said above – one human being can always kill another human being, then the highest authority belongs to that person or that group or that organization that can administer and will administer the death penalty. If it is not the government, then – by necessity – it will be gangs, the mafia, common criminals, and so on, and so forth.
Now, it is not true as contemporary intellectuals maintain that people do not fear the death penalty. Rather, the truth is that the death penalty is the penalty that is most feared by everyone and anyone everywhere and at any time in history. Thus, if people fear the death penalty automatically they fear those who administer this penalty. If it is not the government who administers the death penalty but gangs, the mafia, organized crime or just anybody, then the common citizen will be obedient to the said gangs or the mafia or just anybody who will not refrain from killing him. The common citizen will not fear the impotent government or the courts or the police.
That is why Joseph de Maistre in his famous book entitled The Saint Petersburg Dialogues, (1821), praised very much the executioner. According to Joseph de Maistre the executioner had a very important, an almost religious function to perform. The executioner may not be liked by the people, and yet he is a necessary constituent of any healthy society. Because people are not rational, nor are they good of nature, as the French Enlightenment philosophers tended to think; rather, people need to be controlled by fear of being punished, and – as we said above – what people fear most is the capital punishment. Without this punishment, Joseph de Maistre wrote, society will be thrown into chaos, while all the societal bonds will be severed.
Consider what is happening in the western world represented by the European Union, where the capital punishment has been abolished long ago. Individuals who engage in criminal activities and are caught by the police are put on trial and sent to prison. What expects them in prison? A severe punishment? Torture? Boring life? Lack of medical care? None of the above. We all have heard or read about hundreds of cases of murderers or serial killers who have been sent to prison where they are taken good care of, where they can lead a good life, playing computer games, watching television, hitting the gym and enjoying all the other human rights. How unjust that is, just think of it! A law abiding has been killed, maimed (had his face permanently distorted by acid!), and the perpetrator is put into something that is legally known as a prison, but resembles a four or five-star hotel! Feel the emotions of the victim of the crime and those of the perpetrator!
Common European citizens are aware of all this. Common citizens fear the gangs and the criminals and do not fear the law enforcing officers. Faced with a dilemma to cooperate with the police or to be obedient to the gangs, they really have no choice. What is even worse, common law-abiding citizens know that the criminals do not fear the police. Worse! Common European citizens are aware that it is the police officers who fear the criminals, the gangs, and the mafia. And why do the police officers fear the criminals? First, because the criminals can kill the police officers without facing the death penalty. Second, because if a policeman shoots a criminal dead, it is the policeman who is put on trial and very often sent to prison while the criminal’s family is awarded lavish compensation.
As you can see, in today’s Western world represented by the European Union everything has been put upside down and turned inside out. The perpetrators are awarded with hotels, while the victims are killed through the application of the capital punishment administered by… the perpetrators. It really is ridiculous: the European countries claim that they have abolished the death penalty, and yet the capital punishment is administered again and again, here and there… To be accurate, we are facing a ban on the death penalty carried out by the legal powers, but there is – because there cannot be – a total abolition of this punishment. If it is not the legal state authority that administers the capital punishment, then it is the criminal underworld. If, consequently, the reins of power are held by the criminal underworld, then society is torn between gangs and the legal powers, while governments only make believe that they rule.
Of course the collapse of European society, its descent into chaos, as Joseph de Maistre envisaged it, will have a temporary character. Governments will become weaker and weaker, while gangs will become stronger and stronger, and eventually gangs will create new societal structures and replace legal governments. Once they take over power they will surely administer the capital punishment.
And you know what? Generations will pass and again the cycle will repeat itself. More and more intellectuals, the do-gooders and other Samaritans will again dig up the idea of abolishing the capital punishment, arguing that it is inhumane, arguing that it is barbaric. When such people come to power, they will again abolish the capital punishment and the story will repeat itself.
Because you must know that the European Union is not the first political entity that has abolished the capital punishment. The death penalty has been abolished now and again in different corners of the world, and even – hard to believe! – even by the Bolsheviks in Soviet Russia. Yes, there was such – even if short-long lived – period in the history of the Soviet Union. Somehow they soon saw that without the capital punishment society tended to be unruly. All forms of government learn it, sooner or later, or… are replaced by those who understand what Joseph de Maistre wrote about.